COLD AND HEAT SHALL NOT CEASE

Science Falsely So Called · The Climate Question

A Grace Team University teaching on God, weather, and the limits of man

The modern climate message arrives as more than a weather report. It arrives as a moral creed, a political programme, and—too often—a prophecy of doom. We are told that the question is closed and that the earth’s future requires surrendering energy, money, food production, travel, and national decisions to experts speaking in the name of emergency.

This teaching takes a settled position: the alleged man-made climate crisis is not a real crisis authored by mankind, and man is not the governor of the climate. Weather is real, seasons change, storms destroy, drought and flood come, ice advances and retreats, and prudent men prepare. None of that makes humanity the climate system’s maker or the earth’s rightful lord.

A thermometer can record heat. It cannot, by itself, identify a trend’s ultimate cause, announce the end of the world, or tell a nation which freedoms to surrender. Those claims require interpretation. When interpretation is dressed as unquestionable fact and fear silences examination, we are dealing with a worldview, not merely measurement.

Paul warned Timothy against impressive-sounding error:

O Timothy, keep that which is committed to thy trust, avoiding profane and vain babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called: — 1 Timothy 6:20

That warning does not despise true knowledge. It discerns between knowledge and a claim to knowledge. The Christian must weigh words by Scripture, test claims by evidence, and remember that the heavens and the earth belong to God.

Three distinctions govern this teaching. First, climate change is not automatically man-made change. Second, a measurement is not an attribution: recording warmth does not prove who or what caused all of it. Third, risk is not omnipotence: local stewardship and folly do not make man the author of the global weather system.

The question is whether an anxious age will reinterpret God’s world as a machine governed by human guilt and rescued only by human government. Scripture answers differently: God made the earth, sustains its seasons, sends rain and snow, and—not man—will bring this present order to its appointed end.

1. WHAT IS CLAIMED

The public claim is usually delivered as one indivisible package. First comes the observation: parts of the recent instrumental record show warming, especially since the nineteenth century. Next comes the attribution: nearly all consequential modern warming is said to be caused by human greenhouse-gas emissions. Then comes the forecast: continued emissions will produce escalating catastrophe—rising seas, uninhabitable regions, collapsing agriculture, and ever-worsening storms. Finally comes the demand: because the emergency is total, economic and political life must be reorganised around rapid emissions targets, international finance, energy restrictions, and expert supervision.

The package must not be swallowed whole. An observation can be checked against instruments. Attribution requires a causal argument. A forecast depends on assumptions about emissions, technology, population, adaptation, and an immensely complicated system. A political remedy involves moral judgments about liberty, poverty, sovereignty, and the limits of government. Granting the first step does not grant every later step.

Yet public discussion often treats doubt about any link as denial of them all. Question a model and you may be accused of denying thermometers. Question an energy mandate’s effect on the poor and you may be treated as denying rain. Question a failed year-2000 prediction and you may be told the science has moved on—without learning why the failed certainty should command fresh obedience.

The phrase “settled science” does much of this work. Science is not a throne for unappealable decrees; it is a disciplined way of testing claims. Conclusions remain answerable to reality. When a theory is placed beyond testing by social pressure, it has ceased to function as science in the public square, whatever its defenders’ credentials.

The Bible asks us not to despise evidence but to refuse idolatry. When computer outputs are treated as revelation and salvation is said to lie in a global programme, the issue is theological as well as scientific.

For us: Slow down when you hear a total claim. Separate what was measured from what was inferred, what was inferred from what was forecast, and what was forecast from what politicians demand. A Christian mind is neither gullible nor rebellious; it is disciplined. Ask for the claim, the evidence, the time limit, and the result. Truth does not fear examination.

2. THE COVENANT COMES FIRST

Before there were weather satellites, God spoke after the Flood and fixed the frame for all later discussion. Noah’s generation had reason to think the created order fragile and finished. God’s answer was not anxiety. It was covenant.

And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man’s sake; for the imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done. While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease. — Genesis 8:21-22

The promise is plain: while the earth remains, the agricultural and seasonal rhythms continue. This does not teach that every year will be mild, every harvest abundant, or every district spared flood and drought. Scripture records famine, tempests, and judgments. The covenant is not a promise that weather will never wound us; it is a promise that earthly life’s ordered theatre will not cease by man’s doing before God’s appointed end.

God then made the covenant visible:

And I will establish my covenant with you, neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of a flood; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth. I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth. — Genesis 9:11,13

The rainbow is God’s sign that He remembers His word to the earth. The Flood teaches that God can judge the world by water; the covenant teaches that He will not repeat that universal destruction. Man neither caused that judgment nor can announce its replacement by an emissions schedule.

Ecclesiastes adds the steady rhythm of a world that outlasts generations:

One generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth for ever. The sun also ariseth, and the sun goeth down, and hasteth to his place where he arose. The wind goeth toward the south, and turneth about unto the north; it whirleth about continually, and the wind returneth again according to his circuits. All the rivers run into the sea; yet the sea is not full; unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they return again. — Ecclesiastes 1:4-7

Generations pass; the circuits continue. The preacher is not giving a technical treatise on atmospheric circulation; he is teaching scale. Human lives are brief, while the created system moves in patterns larger than any generation’s control. Modern rhetoric often treats the present generation’s short records as the earth’s whole story. The Bible places man inside a world older, stronger, and more deeply governed than his anxieties. We are inhabitants and stewards, not authors.

Nor may Genesis 8:22 be twisted into carelessness. Christians should plant wisely, build honestly, store prudently, and help neighbours after storms. Providence is no excuse for sloth; it is why preparation can be calm rather than frantic.

For us: Let the covenant set your emotional baseline. A hot year does not break Genesis 8:22, and a severe winter does not disprove it. A flood demands compassion and help, not a doctrine of man’s omnipotence.

3. GOD GOVERNS THE WEATHER

If we ask who speaks to snow, commands rain, gives frost, and turns the clouds, the Bible does not hesitate. Elihu directs attention away from man’s imagined control and toward God’s voice in the storm:

God thundereth marvellously with his voice; great things doeth he, which we cannot comprehend. For he saith to the snow, Be thou on the earth; likewise to the small rain, and to the great rain of his strength. Out of the south cometh the whirlwind: and cold out of the north. By the breath of God frost is given: and the breadth of the waters is straitened. Also by watering he wearieth the thick cloud: he scattereth his bright cloud: And it is turned round about by his counsels: that they may do whatsoever he commandeth them upon the face of the world in the earth. He causeth it to come, whether for correction, or for his land, or for mercy. — Job 37:5-6,9-13

The language is royal. Snow receives a command, frost is given, and clouds are turned by counsel. The same weather may come for correction, for the land, or for mercy. Weather therefore belongs to a moral government deeper than our slogans. Men may forecast some of its movements; they do not issue its counsels.

God’s questions press the point further:

Where wast thou when I laid the foundations of the earth? declare, if thou hast understanding. Hast thou entered into the treasures of the snow? or hast thou seen the treasures of the hail, Hath the rain a father? or who hath begotten the drops of dew? Knowest thou the ordinances of heaven? canst thou set the dominion thereof in the earth? Who can number the clouds in wisdom? or who can stay the bottles of heaven, — Job 38:4,22,28,33,37

These questions do not make inquiry wicked; they make arrogance impossible. Job was absent when the foundations were laid and had not entered the storehouses of snow. The modern reader has better instruments, but he is still not the earth’s founder. Better tools enlarge observation; they do not transfer ownership.

The Psalms sing the same government:

He sendeth forth his commandment upon earth: his word runneth very swiftly. He giveth snow like wool: he scattereth the hoarfrost like ashes. He casteth forth his ice like morsels: who can stand before his cold? He sendeth out his word, and melteth them: he causeth his wind to blow, and the waters flow. — Psalms 147:15-18

Praise the LORD from the earth, ye dragons, and all deeps: Fire, and hail; snow, and vapours; stormy wind fulfilling his word: — Psalms 148:7-8

Snow, frost, ice, vapour, and storm are not rogue powers, but instruments within the LORD’s dominion. God ordinarily governs through created patterns, yet those patterns are not autonomous.

A Christian therefore rejects two errors: the old pagan terror that treats nature as blind gods to be appeased, and the modern secular arrogance that treats it as a machine to be mastered by the right experts. The world is orderly because God is wise, humbling because He is sovereign, and fruitful because He is good.

This sovereignty also settles the believer in a dangerous world. A blizzard can kill, a hurricane can flatten a town, and a drought can empty a well. Christianity does not pretend suffering is imaginary. It teaches that suffering is not ultimate and chaos is not king.

For us: Give thanks for rain, lament destructive storms, help those they strike, and prepare diligently. Do not give a storm a political meaning God has not given it, and do not confuse a warning system with heaven’s throne.

4. DOMINION WITHOUT DELUSION

God gave man a real office in creation:

And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth. — Genesis 1:28

Dominion is not a myth. We cultivate fields, divert streams, build reservoirs, drain wetlands, pave cities, and alter landscapes. Our works can bless or scar a place. A factory can poison a stream; a farmer can restore soil; a city can foolishly build where floods return. Scripture gives no licence for vandalism.

But delegated dominion is not divine authorship. A steward may manage an estate without creating it. Man’s power is real, local, and morally accountable; it is not power to author the sun’s energy, command ocean circulation, repeal the seasons, or determine the earth’s lifespan.

The prophets rebuked Israel not because the people controlled the rain, but because they failed to fear the God who gave it:

Neither say they in their heart, Let us now fear the LORD our God, that giveth rain, both the former and the latter, in his season: he reserveth unto us the appointed weeks of the harvest. — Jeremiah 5:24

Paul told the pagans at Lystra that fruitful seasons were a witness to the living God:

Nevertheless he left not himself without witness, in that he did good, and gave us rain from heaven, and fruitful seasons, filling our hearts with food and gladness. — Acts 14:17

Psalm 65 turns that witness into praise. God visits and waters the earth; He prepares corn; He crowns the year with goodness:

Thou visitest the earth, and waterest it: thou greatly enrichest it with the river of God, which is full of water: thou preparest them corn, when thou hast so provided for it. Thou crownest the year with thy goodness; and thy paths drop fatness. They drop upon the pastures of the wilderness: and the little hills rejoice on every side. The pastures are clothed with flocks; the valleys also are covered over with corn; they shout for joy, they also sing. — Psalms 65:9,11-13

This is the biblical centre climate alarm displaces. In the alarmist frame, man is the decisive problem and organised man the proposed saviour. In Scripture, man is the receiver. Rain is not his invention, harvest is not his entitlement, and the sun does not await his permission.

The Christian response is gratitude, work, restraint, and mercy. Oppose genuine pollution because your neighbour drinks the water and breathes the air. Favour fruitful energy because families need heat, light, transport, refrigeration, medicine, and food. Do not sacrifice the poor to theoretical schemes.

For us: Be a steward, not a fatalist and not a would-be god. Keep your property, use resources thankfully, oppose real local pollution, and support practical works that protect life. At the same time, refuse the delusion that mankind wrote the climate’s constitution. Your calling is faithfulness inside God’s order, not mastery over it.

5. WHAT THE RECORD ACTUALLY SHOWS

The record must be read whole and honestly. A Christian argument loses force when it invents numbers, hides inconvenient measurements, or treats a politician’s exaggeration as the whole scientific literature. We do not need counterfeit ammunition.

A changing climate is not a new discovery

The earth’s climate has never been a sealed room held at one temperature. The geological and historical records contain ice ages, warm intervals, regional droughts, changing sea levels, and centuries in which places warmed or cooled without modern industry.

The IPCC’s own synthesis figure describes earlier warm periods—including the warmest multicentury interval several thousand years ago and the Last Interglacial—as products of slow orbital variations [S2]. A major multiproxy study found that the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age were not globally synchronous switches: their extremes arrived at different times in different regions [S3]. Arctic reconstructions likewise record medieval warmth followed by cooling into a Little Ice Age [S3].

This evidence must not be overstated. It does not prove every past change was global or settle the cause of every modern trend. It does defeat a favourite shortcut: change is not a fingerprint unique to man. The climate changed before the modern emissions era. Orbital patterns, volcanic eruptions, solar variation, ocean circulation, and internal variability are part of the system’s known history.

The baseline also matters. The common comparison period begins in 1850–1900, after centuries in which many Northern Hemisphere records had known Little Ice Age cold. That does not make later measurements fictitious, but a graph beginning near a cold trough is not a portrait of an eternally stable Eden suddenly ruined by industry.

Measurement is not the same as attribution

The IPCC reports that global surface temperature in 2011–2020 was 1.09°C higher than in 1850–1900, with a stated uncertainty range of 0.95°C to 1.20°C [S1]. It also reports an assessed human-caused increase of 1.07°C for 2010–2019, set against an estimated natural-driver contribution between −0.1°C and +0.1°C and an internal-variability contribution between −0.2°C and +0.2°C [S1]. Students should notice what kind of statement the second one is. No instrument directly reads “human-caused degrees.” Attribution is produced by comparing observations with model simulations and assessed forcings. It is an inference, not a thermometer reading.

That distinction is the centre of the controversy. If models correctly represent greenhouse warming, aerosol cooling, clouds, oceans, solar and volcanic effects, and internal variability, their partition may be accepted. If key feedbacks are overstated or natural variability understated, it changes. The IPCC writes in confidence levels, likelihood categories, and ranges because not every statement carries the same certainty [S1]. Political speech often erases those qualifiers and sells an assessment as a direct observation of guilt.

Carbon dioxide illustrates the need for proportion. NOAA reported a twelve-month running average of about 425 parts per million at the start of 2025—0.0425 percent of the atmosphere [S9]. That does not prove carbon dioxide can have no effect; small quantities can matter. But a rising concentration alone does not prove the net effect after feedbacks, the relative role of water vapour and clouds, or the wisdom of a political programme.

Our conclusion is not that every researcher is lying. It is that the leap from recent warming to mankind’s authorship of the climate and a planetary rescue plan has not been earned. The system’s past is too variable, its mechanisms too interlocked, and its modelled partitions too assumption-dependent to bear such absolute language.

Failed deadlines matter

A movement that asks for emergency power must be judged by its dated claims. In June 1989 the Associated Press reported that Noel Brown of the United Nations Environment Programme warned that entire nations could be wiped from the earth by rising sea levels if warming were not reversed by 2000 [S4]. He spoke of a ten-year window, up to three feet of sea-level rise—enough, he said, to cover the Maldives—and an exodus of ecological refugees [S4].

The year 2000 came. Nations were not erased and the Maldives were not covered. The deadline rhetoric had failed in the form the public heard it. The IPCC later assessed total global mean sea-level increase from 1901 to 2018 at 0.20 metres—about eight inches—with the average rate reaching 3.7 millimetres per year during 2006–2018 [S1]. Its ocean report gives rates of 1.5 millimetres per year for 1901–1990 and 3.6 for 2005–2015 [S6]. Local coasts face erosion, subsidence, drainage, and storm exposure, but eight inches across nearly twelve decades is not the disappearance of nations by 2000.

In 2009 Al Gore told a Copenhagen audience that some models suggested a 75 percent chance the entire North Polar ice cap could be completely ice-free during summer within five to seven years [S5]. The window closed without the event. In September 2024 the National Snow and Ice Data Center reported an Arctic minimum of 4.28 million square kilometres [S5]. That was low in the satellite record, but millions of square kilometres from an ice-free Arctic Ocean.

The nuance matters. FactCheck reported that the researcher whose work Gore cited objected to the exact probability and to “completely ice-free,” preferring “near-ice-free” [S5]. The political presentation was more absolute than the scientist’s caution. That is how science becomes a sales instrument: a disputed projection is simplified, dramatised, given a deadline, and dissent from the performance is treated as dissent from reality.

One failed forecast does not refute every model. But repeated deadline rhetoric does refute the demand that the public stop asking questions. Those wrong about the date do not get to keep the emergency while quietly replacing the calendar.

Storm bills are not thermometers

A damage total is not a pure measurement of weather. More people and valuable property in exposed places produce larger losses when a similar storm strikes. A NOAA-hosted update of normalised continental United States hurricane losses—adjusting historical storms to contemporary conditions—found no trend from 1900 to 2017, consistent with its account of landfall frequency and intensity [S7].

The IPCC’s ocean and cryosphere summary likewise expressed low confidence in projected changes to the future frequency of tropical cyclones globally, while expressing greater confidence about some intensity measures [S8]. That mixed picture does not authorise treating every hurricane, flood, fire, or drought as a receipt for modern emissions. Exposure, land management, building standards, drainage, forest conditions, and geography shape what a storm becomes when it reaches people.

After a disaster, the first Christian duties are rescue, prayer, shelter, food, and repair. Turning victims into props for a theory is not compassion. It is opportunism.

The record gives humility, not a throne

Read whole, the record shows a dynamic earth, real hazards, measured changes, and confident public claims that outran events. “Warming occurred,” “man caused essentially all of it,” and “catastrophe is inevitable without a specified political system” are separate propositions. Weigh the evidence for each separately.

For us: Keep a prediction ledger in your mind. Write down who made the claim, what exactly was promised, and by when. When the date passes, compare the words with the world. Honour accurate warnings; reject recycled panic. Measure twice before surrendering judgment once.

6. FEAR, MONEY, AND THE DEMAND FOR CONTROL

Fear is a powerful evangelist. It can make a population accept in a season what calm debate would have rejected, magnify worst cases, and portray questions as complicity. Once people believe the planet will die without immediate action, safeguards—cost, consent, property, deliberation, and the poor—look expendable.

That is why Christians must examine not only the chart but the use made of the chart. The climate programme now attached to the alarm moves staggering sums of money. The UNFCCC announced that COP29 tripled the finance goal for developing countries from 100 billion dollars annually to 300 billion dollars annually by 2035, while calling for all public and private actors to scale finance toward 1.3 trillion dollars per year by 2035 [S10]. The International Energy Agency expected almost 2 trillion dollars of global clean-energy investment in 2024, within total energy investment above 3 trillion dollars [S11].

These figures do not prove every scientist, engineer, or investor corrupt; a price tag alone is not a refutation. But the scale destroys naïveté. When trillions move, institutions compete for grants, governments acquire levers, corporations seek protected markets, and activists gain authority from perpetual emergency. Scrutiny is not cynicism; it is stewardship.

The burden falls unevenly. Energy cooks food, heats rooms, powers hospitals, refrigerates medicine, carries workers, pumps water, and makes modern agriculture possible. An IEA outlook summary noted that the poorest households in advanced economies can spend nearly a quarter of disposable income on energy, while hundreds of millions still lack electricity [S12]. A policy that raises the price of being warm, mobile, or fed must answer to the widow and labourer first.

Control follows the same path. An emergency said to touch every engine, farm, home, meal, and journey can justify supervision of them all. Societies should coordinate after a hurricane; the danger is a temporary posture becoming a permanent theory of government, in which experts announce the end, citizens supply obedience, and questions about cost are treated as endangerment.

Christ must be our pattern here. He did not deny a real storm because He trusted His Father. When the wind threatened the boat, He acted with authority:

And he arose, and rebuked the wind, and said unto the sea, Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm. — Mark 4:39

The disciples’ problem was not noticing the waves; it was interpreting them without faith. Modern climate preaching tells us the waves are real, therefore Christ’s government is irrelevant and a committee must be trusted with the sea. Christ remains Lord of wind and sea. Sea walls and satellites do not make men messiahs.

Fear also corrupts witness. If the Church repeats every fashionable alarm, it loses credibility when the date passes. If it replaces repentance toward God with guilt over ordinary life, it preaches a false gospel in green language. The true gospel calls sinners to repentance, faith, gratitude, honest work, and love of neighbour. A thankful man wastes less. A truthful man exaggerates less. A charitable man helps after the storm rather than merely posting about its symbolism.

For us: Follow the money without being consumed by it. Ask who gains authority, who receives funds, who pays, and who is forbidden to ask. The issue is not a secret cabal behind every cloud; it is the biblical truth that fear, money, and power are dangerous companions.

7. THE CHANGE GOD HAS PROMISED

The Bible teaches that the present heavens and earth will undergo a cataclysmic change, but it does not assign that change to tailpipes, cattle, or an emissions pathway. Peter warns that scoffers will treat the world’s stability as proof God will not act:

Knowing this first, that there shall come in the last days scoffers, walking after their own lusts, And saying, Where is the promise of his coming? for since the fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of the creation. For this they willingly are ignorant of, that by the word of God the heavens were of old, and the earth standing out of the water and in the water: Whereby the world that then was, being overflowed with water, perished: But the heavens and the earth, which are now, by the same word are kept in store, reserved unto fire against the day of judgment and perdition of ungodly men. — 2 Peter 3:3-7

Scoffers assume that because the present order continues, it will continue forever on their terms. Climate alarm makes a mirror-image error: because aspects of the order are changing, man must be the decisive author of the end. Scripture rejects both presumptions. The world is neither eternally self-sustaining nor mankind’s to destroy at will; it is kept in store by God’s word.

Peter describes the day:

But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up. Seeing then that all these things shall be dissolved, what manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy conversation and godliness, Looking for and hasting unto the coming of the day of God, wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dissolved, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat? Nevertheless we, according to his promise, look for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness. — 2 Peter 3:10-13

This is the Christian horizon. The final transformation is the day of the Lord, coming by His promise, at His time, with judgment and renewal. Until then, Genesis 8:22 stands. After then, God—not a climate bureaucracy—makes all things new.

That doctrine should produce neither carelessness nor despair. Peter’s application is holiness. If the present order will be dissolved by God, we do not worship it. If He has promised a righteous new earth, we need not manufacture heaven by coercion. If judgment is real, our message is repentance and faith before Christ comes—not terror over a weather map.

The Christian’s confidence is settled but not sleepy. We work, plant, build, conserve, prepare, relieve suffering, oppose the poisoning of land and water, and use energy for human flourishing. We tell the truth about uncertainty and refuse to let forecasts steal the certainty of God’s covenant.

For us: Live ready for Christ, not panicked by headlines. Keep your conscience clean, your household prepared, your neighbour loved, and your confidence anchored in promise. Man cannot cancel seedtime and harvest. Man cannot hurry or prevent the day of God. Our part is holiness; the earth’s future is in His hand.

CLOSING PRAYER

Lord God, Maker of heaven and earth, teach us to fear Thee more than the weather. Give us eyes to observe truly, tongues to speak honestly, hands to work diligently, and hearts quieted by Thy covenant. Make us faithful stewards until Thou makest new heavens and a new earth wherein dwelleth righteousness. Amen.

SOURCE NOTES USED IN THIS TEACHING

[S1] IPCC, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, Summary for Policymakers, A.1.2, A.1.3, A.1.7. [S2] IPCC, Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report, Figure 2.1. [S3] Neukom et al., “No Evidence for Globally Coherent Warm and Cold Periods over the Preindustrial Common Era,” Nature (2019); NOAA/WDS Arctic reconstruction metadata. [S4] Associated Press, “U.N. Predicts Disaster if Global Warming Not Checked,” June 29, 1989. [S5] FactCheck.org, “Palin vs. Gore Climate Showdown” (2009); NSIDC, Arctic minimum-extent release, September 24, 2024. [S6] IPCC, Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, FAQ Chapter 4. [S7] Weinkle et al., “Normalized Hurricane Damage in the Continental United States 1900–2017,” Nature Sustainability (2018), via NOAA. [S8] IPCC, Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere, Summary for Policymakers, B.3.6. [S9] NOAA Climate.gov, Climate Dashboard: carbon dioxide. [S10] UNFCCC, COP29 finance announcement (2024). [S11] IEA, World Energy Investment 2024. [S12] IEA, World Energy Outlook 2024, Executive Summary.

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