Psalms 51 — with JFB Commentary
The King James text with the Jamieson-Fausset-Brown commentary (1871, public domain) directly beneath the verses it explains. Verses without a JFB note stand alone.
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1Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness: according unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions.
PSALM 51
Psa 51:1-19. On the occasion, compare 2Sa 11:12. The Psalm illustrates true repentance, in which are comprised conviction, confession, sorrow, prayer for mercy, and purposes of amendment, and it is accompanied by a lively faith.
1-4. A plea for mercy is a confession of guilt.
blot out--as from a register.
transgressions--literally, "rebellions" (Psa 19:13; 32:1).
2Wash me throughly from mine iniquity, and cleanse me from my sin.
PSALM 51
Psa 51:1-19. On the occasion, compare 2Sa 11:12. The Psalm illustrates true repentance, in which are comprised conviction, confession, sorrow, prayer for mercy, and purposes of amendment, and it is accompanied by a lively faith.
1-4. A plea for mercy is a confession of guilt.
blot out--as from a register.
transgressions--literally, "rebellions" (Psa 19:13; 32:1).
3For I acknowledge my transgressions: and my sin is ever before me.
PSALM 51
Psa 51:1-19. On the occasion, compare 2Sa 11:12. The Psalm illustrates true repentance, in which are comprised conviction, confession, sorrow, prayer for mercy, and purposes of amendment, and it is accompanied by a lively faith.
1-4. A plea for mercy is a confession of guilt.
blot out--as from a register.
transgressions--literally, "rebellions" (Psa 19:13; 32:1).
4Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and done this evil in thy sight: that thou mightest be justified when thou speakest, and be clear when thou judgest.
PSALM 51
Psa 51:1-19. On the occasion, compare 2Sa 11:12. The Psalm illustrates true repentance, in which are comprised conviction, confession, sorrow, prayer for mercy, and purposes of amendment, and it is accompanied by a lively faith.
1-4. A plea for mercy is a confession of guilt.
blot out--as from a register.
transgressions--literally, "rebellions" (Psa 19:13; 32:1).
5Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me.
5-6. His guilt was aggravated by his essential, native sinfulness, which is as contrary to God's requisitions of inward purity as are outward sins to those for right conduct.
6Behold, thou desirest truth in the inward parts: and in the hidden part thou shalt make me to know wisdom.
5-6. His guilt was aggravated by his essential, native sinfulness, which is as contrary to God's requisitions of inward purity as are outward sins to those for right conduct.
7Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean: wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.
7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge ... hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual (Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18) suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction (Nu 19:17-20).
8Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which thou hast broken may rejoice.
7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge ... hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual (Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18) suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction (Nu 19:17-20).
9Hide thy face from my sins, and blot out all mine iniquities.
7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge ... hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual (Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18) suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction (Nu 19:17-20).
10Create in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit within me.
7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge ... hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual (Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18) suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction (Nu 19:17-20).
11Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me.
7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge ... hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual (Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18) suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction (Nu 19:17-20).
12Restore unto me the joy of thy salvation; and uphold me with thy free spirit.
7-12. A series of prayers for forgiveness and purifying.
Purge ... hyssop--The use of this plant in the ritual (Ex 12:22; Nu 19:6, 18) suggests the idea of atonement as prominent here; "purge" refers to vicarious satisfaction (Nu 19:17-20).
13Then will I teach transgressors thy ways; and sinners shall be converted unto thee.
13. Then--Such will be the effect of this gracious work.
ways--of providence and human duty (Psa 18:21, 30; 32:8; Lu 22:32).
14Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God, thou God of my salvation: and my tongue shall sing aloud of thy righteousness.
14. Deliver--or, "Free me" (Psa 39:8) from the guilt of murder (2Sa 12:9, 10; Psa 5:6).
righteousness--as in Psa 7:17; 31:1.
15O Lord, open thou my lips; and my mouth shall shew forth thy praise.
15. open ... lips--by removing my sense of guilt.
16For thou desirest not sacrifice; else would I give it: thou delightest not in burnt offering.
16. Praise is better than sacrifice (Psa 50:14), and implying faith, penitence, and love, glorifies God. In true penitents the joys of pardon mingle with sorrow for sin.
17The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit: a broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou wilt not despise.
18Do good in thy good pleasure unto Zion: build thou the walls of Jerusalem.
18. Do good, &c.--Visit not my sin on Thy Church.
build ... walls--is to show favor; compare Psa 89:40, for opposite form and idea.
19Then shalt thou be pleased with the sacrifices of righteousness, with burnt offering and whole burnt offering: then shall they offer bullocks upon thine altar.
19. God reconciled, material sacrifices will be acceptable (Psa 4:5; compare Is 1:11-17).